Reversible internal-combustion engine.



B. A. DE WAERN.

REVERSIBLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 24,1916.

' Patented July 17, 1917.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

B. A. DE WAERN.

REVERSIBLE INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- 12 $230 Tnay.

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REVERSIBLE INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE.

Sp ecification of Letters latent.

Patented July 17,1917.

Application filed July 24, 1916. Serial No. 110,924.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, BROR ALcoR on VVAERN, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at Lysekil, in the county ofGottenborg and Bohus and Kingdom of Sweden, have invented new and useful Improvements in Reversible Internal-Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention refers to internal combustion engines of that class in which the driving power is exerted by explosions caused by injecting the fuel oil into the cylinder through a plunger pump operated by a reciprocating striker, controlled by agovernor of the hitand miss type. This class of fuel injector is especially applied to heavy oil engines of the two stroke type, and my invention is mainly adapted to be used in connection with two stroke single acting heavy oil engines. Fur ther the invention relates to engines of the class referred to in which reversal is accomplished by a back fire during the instroke of r the piston, completed in such a way, that the ordinary fuel injection is stopped and, when the engine slows down, a single charge of fuel is injected at an early stage of the piston stroke causing the piston to reverse the motion of the c ank shaft, and the reversing fuel injection is, at the same moment, automatically cut oil", and the ordinary fuel injection again brought into action.

The object of this invention is to provide means by which the reversing can be accomplished by a single hitand -miss governor for the purpose of simplifying the moving parts.

In the annexed drawings Figure 1 shows a side elevation of the improved reversing mechanism in position for normal working, that is when the engine moyes in the ahead or the astern direction, Fig. 2 the same parts looking from another side,'Fig. 3 the same view as in Fig. l but with the parts in the position occupied at the moment of reversing, Fig. 4 is a horizontal section through the main parts of the device. Fig. 5 is a side-view of the pump actuating device. Fig. 6 is a front viewof an engine provided with the improved reversing mechanism.

The striker 1 is moved up and down along a stepped saddle 2 by means of an eccentric 4 on the crank shaft 3, operating the striker by a rod 5, acting on a crosshead 6, which is slid up and down in guidesBa and carries the striker 1 by an arm 35.

The saddle 2 is provided with two steps 2 and 2 respectively, arranged symmetrically in relation to the mid position of the striker 1. The striker proper is adapted to be turned over a suitable angle, for instance 180W, on a fulcrum 15 so that the same striker can work either on the upper stepped portion 2'of the saddle as illustrated in Figs. 1 and 2, or on the'lower stepped portion 2 as shown in Fig. 3. In the first mentioned position the striker 1 operates the plunger 7 of a fuel pump 7 for fuel supply during ordinary working of the engine, ahead as well as astern, and in the last mentioned position the same striker 1 operates the plunger 8 of another pump 8, which latter pump supplies the fuel oil only for the reversing operation proper. The two pumps 7 and 8 draw the fuel oil from a vessel 41 through pipes 42, 41-3 branched off from a common pipe 151, and inject the fuel oil into the cylinder as by pipes 416, 4:7 and an injec tion implement 48.

A spring 9 attached to the striker 1 keeps the striker against the stepped saddle with a suitable pressure, and the rear end of the same spring 9 is attached to the one arm 10 of a bell crank lever, the opposite arm 11 of which (by means of spring 12 more pow- 'erful than the spring 9) is pressed against a camv disk 13, pivoted on a fulcrum parallel to fulcrum 15 and connected to said pivot 15 by a link 14 which allows the striker 1 to be swung from the one working positionto the other without preventing its reciprocating movement. Only a portion of the circumference of the disk 18, corresponding to the turning-over angle of the striker 1, comes into engagement with the lever arm 11, and another portion of the circumference of the disk, having the same length as the first mentioned portion, is provided with teeth 40 adapted to mesh with a toothed segment 17 pivoted on a fulcrum 16. From the hub of the segment 17 projects an arm 18 with a curved slot 22 inclosing a pin 21 on a controlling handle 20, which is pivoted on a fulcrum 19 parallel to the fulcrum 16. The controlling handle 20 extends beyond the fulcrum 19 where it is connected to two opposed, equally powerful springs 23', 24 which tend to secure aneutral position for the handle as shown in Fig. 1. The rear ends of the springs 23, 2 1 are fastened each to one arm of a bell crank lever 27 28 respectively, situated one on each side of the eccentric rod and pivoted on fulcrums 25, 26 respectively. The opposite arm of each of these bell crank levers is provided with a spring actuated tooth 29, 30 respectively, which teeth area'dapted to come into contact, one at a time, with a bulb 31on the eccentric rod 5, when the respective bell crank lever 27,

28 is in'a.1ce"rtain position'as eiiplained below; The swingingrmotion of the crank levers 27, 28 is limited by stops'32,33, respectively... V 1 i The pivot 1'5'is-not fixed to the striker 1, but to an enlarged portion '38 provided with a laterally projecting finger 36 cooperating with'a segmental slot 37 in the adjacent side wall of'thehub 39 of the striker (Fig. 5), which device'allowsthe striker to oscillate on the pivot 15 so far as the extension of the slot 37: permits,..which oscillation is indispensable for the reason that the striker must be able to move a little toward and from the saddle 2, when passing the upper or the lower step 2 or 2" during its sliding motionyItis not before the finger 36 when turning the pivot 15, reaches the corresponding end of the vslot37 that the pivot "15'- act'uates the striker and causes it to turn over "with the pivot.

1 The apparatus operates as follows. During ordinary. working, ahead as. well as astern, the striker 1- operates always the same pump plunger, in theldrawings the upperplunger 7; Suppose that the engine revolves in the direction indicated by the arrow 'Ain Fig. 1,'and it isfdesired to reverseinto the direction indicated by the arrow B in Fig.3. The handle 20 must be 'moved' to theleft (arrow C in Fig. 3)

whereby the pin 21 pushes down the arm 18 causing the toothed segment 17 to swing out to the left, thus. actuating the teeth 10 of the disk 13 to turn the disk, the movement i. of'segment 1'? being long enough to turn the disk 13 through an angle corresponding to the angle of movement of striker 1. In the embodiment illustrated this angle will be about 180. The revolving of the disk 13 is transmitted by link 14 to the enlarged portion 38 of pivot15 and by finger 36 to hub move a'little to the left, causing the; tension of spring9 to decrease, by'which the striker "1, before it leaves the upper positiomwill be more easily thrown aside by the step 2 thus missing the pump plunger 7 and cutting off the fuel supply and decreasing the number of revolutions of the engine. On completion of the revolving of disk 13 the striker 1 attains its lower position (Fig.

and, owing to the shape of cam portion of disk 13, the lever arms 11 and 10 are moved so far, that the spring 9 reaches the necessary tension to pull the striker 1 toward the lower step 2 with sutlieient power to operate the reversing plunger 8 just as the engine, on account of the omitted pump strokes, has been slowed down so far, that a back fire by a single fuel injection through plunger 8 will cause the piston to go down, reversing the motion of shaft 3. The position of plunger 8 is chosen so that the backfire occurs neatly in the proper position of crank to complete the reversing.

hen shiftin the handle to the left as described, the lower extension 20 of same was swung to the right (Fig. 3) thus causing the spring 21 to actuate the bell crank lever 28 to swing, so that its lower arm with tooth 30 was brought into the path of bulb 31. Stop 33 will limit this turning motion of lever 23. The reversed motion of shaft 3 (arrow B) now causes the bulb 31 to descend thereby catching the tooth 30 and thus turning the lever 28 back into its original position, which movement will cause the spring 2-1 to push the handle arm 20 back to the left, and

consequently the handle 20 to the right in its ordinary position as in Fig. 1. During this removing of handle 20, pin 21. presses a gainst the upper edge of slot 22 in arm 18 and ,causes the segment 17 to move back, rotating the disk 13 and thus also the striker 1 back ward to the ordinary upper position where it once more operates the ordinary plunger 7. The whole device in this way is automatically moved back into its original position in which it remains as long as the engine is working, ahead or astern.

If now the engine is to be reversed back to the first mentioned revolving direction, it is only needed to move handle 20 in the opposite direction to that before mentioned, that is, to the right, whereby the arm 18 owing to the shape of its slot is pushed down into the same position as illustrated in Fig. 3 and described above. Disk 13, lever 10, 11 and striker 1 are all caused to work as before mentioned, but now the lower handle arm 20 moves to the left, causing the crank lever 27 to move into contact with stop 32, thus bringing tooth 29 in the path of bulb 3].. As the shaft 3 now reverses its motion (and moves-in the direction illustrated by arrow A in Fig. 1) the bulb 31 descends, actuates tooth 29 and causes arm 20 with handle 20 'to go back in its neutral position, and the striker 1 once more will continue to operate the ordinary plunger 7. The spring actuated teeth 29, 30 allow the bulb 31 to pass by without obstacle when ascending, owing to the rounded top of the bulb which will cause the teeth to be pushed inward against the pressure of their springs.

Having thus described my said invention, What I claim as new andwant to protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a pump plunger for fuel oil supply during ordinary working, a striker operating said plunger, another pump plunger for fuel oil supply at the moment of reversing for the purpose of causing back fire by fuel injection at an early crank angle, and means for causing the same striker to operate the latter plunger.

2. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a striker operating one pump plunger for fuel oil supply during ordinary working, ahead as Well as astern, means for controlling the samestriker to operate another pump plunger at the moment of reversing, and means for automatically removing the striker fromposition for operating the reversing pump plunger back into position for operating the ordinary pump plunger as soon as reversing has occurred.

3. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a striker operating one pump plunger for fuel oil supply during ordinary working, the same striker being adapted to operate another pump plunger for fuel injection in an early crank an gle for reversing a stepped saddle cooperating with said striker so as to operate the one or the other pump plunger, and means to control the striker to operate either the ordinary plunger or the reversing plunger.

4. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a striker operating one pump plunger for fuel oil supply, during ordinary working, and one plunger for reversing impulses, a stepped saddle cooperating with said striker, two steps on said saddle, the one step to cooperate with the striker when it actuates the ordinary pump plunger, and the other step to cooperate with the same striker when actuating the reversing pump plunger.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

5. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a striker operating one pump plunger for ordinary supply of fuel oil and one pump plunger for fuel oil injection at the moment of reversing, a stepped saddle, adapted to cooperate With said striker, provided with one step for actuating the ordinary pump plunger and one step for actuating the reversing pump plunger, and means for turning the striker to bring it into position to cooperate with the one or the other step on the saddle.

6. In a reversible internal combustion e11- gine the combination of a striker operating one pump plunger for ordinary fuel oil supply and one pump plunger forreversing impulses, a stepped saddle against which said striker is adapted to slide, means for causing the striker to operate the one or the other pump plunger, a pivotable toothed disk adapted to mesh with a toothed segment, a link transmitting the turning of said toothed disk to said striker, a cam disk operated by said toothed disk,a bell crank lever actuated by said cam disk, and aspring actuated by said bell crank lever and actuating the striker so as to pull the striker against the stepped saddle.

7. In a reversible internal combustion engine the combination of a striker operating one ordinary fuel oil supply pump plunger and one reversing fuel.\oil supply pump plunger, a controlling handle for turning over the striker to operate the reversing plunger, two bell crank levers actuated by said controlling handle by means of springs, an eccentric rod for operating the striker, and a projection on said eccentric rod arranged to cooperate alternatively with the one or the other of said bell crank levers so as to swing the bell crank lever, when actuated, back to its original position, thereby forcing the controlling handle back to its original position with the striker in position for operating the ordinary pump plunger.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

BROR ALGOR DE WAERN. Witnesses:

ADOLF MOLIN, 0. Louis HENNING.

"Washington, D. G. 

